How Infrastructure Works

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In fact, access to more resources leads so universally and predictably to an increase in artificial light that researchers have even used it as a proxy for economic growth, — location: 640


But even more saliently: in 1950, a housewife could single-handedly produce a middle-class standard of living for her family while her 1850 counterpart would likely have had one or many servants—“hired help”—to do the same. — location: 698


The Embodied Energy of Objects — location: 776


While it’s a messy, imperfect conversion, we can estimate our power consumption from daily caloric intake, since calories are a unit of energy and days are a unit of time, and it works out to roughly the same as a modern television, 100 watts or so. — location: 837


That power consumption also defines our maximum output, because we can’t put more energy back into the world than we can get from our food except over short periods — location: 840